Optical fiber is a dielectric waveguide that operates at optical frequencies. Each filament consists of a central plastic or crystal core with a high refractive index, surrounded by a layer of similar material with a slightly lower refractive index.
When the light reaches a surface that borders a lower refractive index, it is largely reflected, the greater the difference in indices and the greater the angle of incidence, then there is talk of total internal reflection.
Inside an optical fiber, the light is reflected against the walls at very open angles, so that it practically advances through its center. In this way, the light signals can be guided without loss over long distances.
Throughout the entire creation and development of the optical fiber, some of its features have been changing to improve it. The most outstanding features of fiber optic today are:
- Stronger coverage: the cover contains 25% more material than conventional covers.
- Dual-use (indoor and outdoor): The resistance to water and ultraviolet emissions, the resistant cover and the extended environmental performance of the optical fiber contribute to greater reliability during the life of the fiber.
- Greater protection in humid places: The intrusion of the moisture inside the fiber with multiple layers of protection around this one is combated, which provides the fiber, a greater useful life, and reliability in humid places.
- High-density packaging: With the maximum number of fibers in the smallest possible diameter, a faster and easier installation is achieved, where the cable must face sharp bends and narrow spaces. A cable with 72 super dense construction fibers whose diameter is 50% smaller than that of conventional cables has been achieved.
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